I did some debugging here to try and help folks who are having issues with Dell montiors on the CHUWI MiniBook X N150.
Below is the output of dmesg from the following Linux kernel:
$ uname -a
Linux chuwi 6.16.6-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed, 10 Sep 2025 00:38:07 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux
I ran dmesg -w, then plugged the laptop into a Dell Ultrasharp U3223QE monitor (at timestamp 12888… then unplugged it (12892) and plugged it into a Lenovo t24t-20 monitor (12933). The dell monitor did not display anything but all the peripherals worked, the Lenovo monitor worked with both display and all peripherals.
The Dell monitor shows up as a USB hub (Microchip USB4206 / USB4216). I get keyboard, mouse, Ethernet — all via USB. There are no messages about DP Alt Mode or UCSI negotiation. I assume this means Linux is not even being told that the USB-C port is capable of video output in this connection. I also notice that /sys/class/typec is missing, so there is no OS-Level TCPM (MCU-based Type-C Port Manager). So, the kernel isn’t managing the USB-C controller via TCPM/UCSI. I’m guessing the firmware hides the controller and just gives Linux a pre-configured USB hub, and that the BIOS/firmware to do the alt-mode negotiation — Linux only sees the result.
When I plug the lenovo monitor in, it triggers the display (from dmesg):
usb 1-6.3: Product: BillBoard Device
There’s also some driver activity going on:
[12934.747450] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] ERROR DSI link not ready
I think this is at least the GPU driver trying to bring up a display pipe, and means my Lenovo monitor is engaging with the GPU path at some level — even if it logs an error.
My guess here is that the port will only negotiate DP Alt Mode with simpler sinks. Many Dell monitors implement Multi Stream Transport (MST), USB hub, and power delivery all in the same controller. They sometimes advertise multiple alt modes or “Thunderbolt compatible” modes. I assume because the Lenovo monitor works because it’s a simple, standard DP 1.4 alt-mode sink.
Hope this helps. Let me know if you have any questions.
——-dmesg -w follows——
(dell U3223QE plugged in)
[12880.142788] usb 1-6: new high-speed USB device number 44 using xhci_hcd
[12880.275974] usb 1-6: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=4206, bcdDevice= 6.25
[12880.275981] usb 1-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12880.275983] usb 1-6: Product: USB4206 Smart Hub
[12880.275984] usb 1-6: Manufacturer: Microchip
[12880.276989] hub 1-6:1.0: USB hub found
[12880.277034] hub 1-6:1.0: 5 ports detected
[12880.557793] usb 1-6.4: new high-speed USB device number 45 using xhci_hcd
[12880.648977] usb 1-6.4: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=4216, bcdDevice= 1.91
[12880.648984] usb 1-6.4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12880.648986] usb 1-6.4: Product: USB4216 Smart Hub
[12880.648988] usb 1-6.4: Manufacturer: Microchip
[12880.650014] hub 1-6.4:1.0: USB hub found
[12880.650060] hub 1-6.4:1.0: 5 ports detected
[12880.725792] usb 1-6.5: new high-speed USB device number 46 using xhci_hcd
[12880.810644] usb 1-6.5: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=7260, bcdDevice= 6.25
[12880.810650] usb 1-6.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12880.810651] usb 1-6.5: Product: USB2 Controller Hub
[12880.810653] usb 1-6.5: Manufacturer: Microchip Tech
[12880.812490] hid-generic 0003:0424:7260.0020: hiddev96,hidraw1: USB HID v1.10 Device [Microchip Tech USB2 Controller Hub] on usb-0000:00:14.0-6.5/input1
[12881.374790] usb 1-6.4.2: new full-speed USB device number 47 using xhci_hcd
[12881.465425] usb 1-6.4.2: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=c52b, bcdDevice=24.11
[12881.465431] usb 1-6.4.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12881.465433] usb 1-6.4.2: Product: USB Receiver
[12881.465435] usb 1-6.4.2: Manufacturer: Logitech
[12881.661787] usb 1-6.4.3: new high-speed USB device number 48 using xhci_hcd
[12881.748288] usb 1-6.4.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=8153, bcdDevice=33.10
[12881.748295] usb 1-6.4.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=6
[12881.748296] usb 1-6.4.3: Product: USB 10/100/1000 LAN
[12881.748298] usb 1-6.4.3: Manufacturer: Realtek
[12881.748299] usb 1-6.4.3: SerialNumber: 0133000001
[12881.825057] r8152-cfgselector 1-6.4.3: reset high-speed USB device number 48 using xhci_hcd
[12881.983093] r8152 1-6.4.3:1.0 eth0: v1.12.13
[12882.056804] usb 1-6.4.5: new high-speed USB device number 49 using xhci_hcd
[12882.157288] usb 1-6.4.5: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=7240, bcdDevice= 2.07
[12882.157308] usb 1-6.4.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12882.157315] usb 1-6.4.5: Product: USB2 Controller Hub
[12882.157321] usb 1-6.4.5: Manufacturer: Microchip Tech
[12882.483054] usb 1-6.1: new high-speed USB device number 50 using xhci_hcd
[12882.567682] usb 1-6.1: New USB device found, idVendor=1949, idProduct=9981, bcdDevice= 2.23
[12882.567694] usb 1-6.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[12883.073916] usb 1-6.1: USB disconnect, device number 50
[12885.043792] usb 1-6.1: new high-speed USB device number 51 using xhci_hcd
[12885.130450] usb 1-6.1: New USB device found, idVendor=1949, idProduct=9981, bcdDevice= 2.23
[12885.130457] usb 1-6.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[12892.743023] usb 1-6: USB disconnect, device number 44… (more disconnections as the monitor is unplugged)
(lenovo monitor plugged in)
[12933.845984] usb 1-6: new high-speed USB device number 52 using xhci_hcd
[12933.988236] usb 1-6: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=5412, bcdDevice= 1.41
[12933.988247] usb 1-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12933.988250] usb 1-6: Product: USB2.1 Hub
[12933.988253] usb 1-6: Manufacturer: Generic
[12933.991411] hub 1-6:1.0: USB hub found
[12933.993091] hub 1-6:1.0: 4 ports detected
[12934.092849] usb 2-1: new SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[12934.123246] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=0412, bcdDevice= 1.41
[12934.123265] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12934.123271] usb 2-1: Product: USB3.2 Hub
[12934.123276] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Generic
[12934.128496] hub 2-1:1.0: USB hub found
[12934.130487] hub 2-1:1.0: 1 port detected
[12934.278897] usb 1-6.1: new high-speed USB device number 53 using xhci_hcd
[12934.384570] usb 1-6.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=5411, bcdDevice= 1.40
[12934.384589] usb 1-6.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12934.384596] usb 1-6.1: Product: USB2.1 Hub
[12934.384601] usb 1-6.1: Manufacturer: Generic
[12934.389231] hub 1-6.1:1.0: USB hub found
[12934.390775] hub 1-6.1:1.0: 5 ports detected
[12934.442671] usb 2-1.1: new SuperSpeed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[12934.470170] usb 2-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=0411, bcdDevice= 1.40
[12934.470185] usb 2-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12934.470190] usb 2-1.1: Product: USB3.2 Hub
[12934.470193] usb 2-1.1: Manufacturer: Generic
[12934.477107] hub 2-1.1:1.0: USB hub found
[12934.479386] hub 2-1.1:1.0: 4 ports detected
[12934.535882] usb 1-6.2: new full-speed USB device number 54 using xhci_hcd
[12934.624403] usb 1-6.2: New USB device found, idVendor=1fd2, idProduct=8102, bcdDevice= 1.00
[12934.624422] usb 1-6.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12934.624428] usb 1-6.2: Product: LGDisplay Incell Touch
[12934.624434] usb 1-6.2: Manufacturer: Melfas
[12934.637038] input: Melfas LGDisplay Incell Touch as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-6/1-6.2/1-6.2:1.0/0003:1FD2:8102.0026/input/input48
[12934.637609] hid-multitouch 0003:1FD2:8102.0026: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Device [Melfas LGDisplay Incell Touch] on usb-0000:00:14.0-6.2/input0
[12934.638670] hid-generic 0003:1FD2:8102.0027: hiddev96,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Device [Melfas LGDisplay Incell Touch] on usb-0000:00:14.0-6.2/input1
[12934.696821] usb 1-6.1.5: new high-speed USB device number 55 using xhci_hcd
[12934.747450] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] ERROR DSI link not ready
[12934.802122] usb 1-6.1.5: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=1100, bcdDevice= 1.01
[12934.802133] usb 1-6.1.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12934.802136] usb 1-6.1.5: Product: HID Device
[12934.802139] usb 1-6.1.5: Manufacturer: Realtek
[12934.808719] hid-generic 0003:0BDA:1100.0028: hiddev97,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Device [Realtek HID Device] on usb-0000:00:14.0-6.1.5/input0
[12934.866894] usb 1-6.3: new high-speed USB device number 56 using xhci_hcd
[12934.977280] usb 1-6.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=5418, bcdDevice= 1.01
[12934.977294] usb 1-6.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12934.977298] usb 1-6.3: Product: BillBoard Device
[12934.977301] usb 1-6.3: Manufacturer: Realtek
[12935.051805] usb 1-6.4: new high-speed USB device number 57 using xhci_hcd
[12935.154001] usb 1-6.4: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=1100, bcdDevice= 1.01
[12935.154012] usb 1-6.4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[12935.154015] usb 1-6.4: Product: HID Device
[12935.154018] usb 1-6.4: Manufacturer: Realtek
[12935.159167] hid-generic 0003:0BDA:1100.0029: hiddev98,hidraw4: USB HID v1.11 Device [Realtek HID Device] on usb-0000:00:14.0-6.4/input0
[12946.399391] usb 1-6: USB disconnect, device number 52
[12946.399476] usb 1-6.1: USB disconnect, device number 53
[12946.399484] usb 1-6.1.5: USB disconnect, device number 55
[12946.402522] usb 1-6.2: USB disconnect, device number 54
[12946.422416] usb 1-6.3: USB disconnect, device number 56
[12946.422824] usb 1-6.4: USB disconnect, device number 57
[12946.563909] usb 2-1: USB disconnect, device number 2
[12946.563919] usb 2-1.1: USB disconnect, device number 3
[12947.339495] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] ERROR DSI link not ready